Muwatta Malik: Chapter 46

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Adam and Musa argued and Adam got the better of
Musa. Musa rebuked Adam, 'You are Adam who led people astray and
brought them out of the Garden.' Adam said to him, 'You are Musa to
whom Allah gave knowledge of everything and whom he chose above people
with His message.' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do you then censure me
for a matter which was decreed for me before I was created?' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Abi Unaysa that Abd
al-Hamid ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn al-Khattab informed him from
Muslim ibn Yasar al-Juhani that Umar ibn al-Khattab was asked about
this ayat - "When your Lord took their progeny from the Banu Adam from
their backs and made them testify against themselves. 'Am I not your
Lord?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness'

Lest you should say
on the Day of Rising, 'We were heedless of that.'" (Sura 7 ayat 172)
Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, being asked about it. The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah, the
Blessed, the Exalted, created Adam. Then He stroked his back with His
right hand, and progeny issued from it. He said, "I created these for
the Garden and they will act with the behaviour of the people of the
Garden." Then He stroked his back again and brought forth progeny from
him. He said, "I created these for the Fire and they will act with the
behaviour of the people of the Fire." 'A man said, 'Messenger of
Allah! Then of what value are deeds?' The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, answered, 'When Allah creates a
slave for the Garden, he makes him use the behaviour of the people of
the Garden, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the
Garden and by it He brings him into the Garden. When He creates a
slave for the Fire, He makes him use the behaviour of the people of
the Fire, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the
Fire, and by it, He brings him into the Fire.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard that the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have left
two matters with you. As long as you hold to them, you will not go the
wrong way. They are the Book of Allah and the Sunna of His Prophet."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ziyad ibn Sad from Amr ibn
Muslim that Tawus al-Yamani said, "I found some of the companions of
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
saying 'Everything is by decree.' " Tawus added, "I heard Abdullah ibn
Umar say that The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace. said, 'Everything is by decree - even incapacity and
ability,' (or 'ability and incapacity')."

Malik related to me from Ziyad ibn Sad that Amr ibn Dinar said,
"I heard Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr say in a khutba, 'Allah - He is the
Guider and the One Who Tempts Away.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that his paternal uncle, Abu
Suhayl ibn Malik said, "I was a prisoner with Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz. He
said, 'What do you think about these Qadariyya (fatalists)?' I said,
'My opinion is that one should ask them to turn from wrong action, if
they will do so. If not, subject them to the sword.' Umar ibn Abd al-
Aziz said, 'That is my opinion.

Malik added, "That is my
opinion also."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "A woman should not ask for the divorce of her sister
to make her plate empty and in order to marry. She has what is decreed
for her."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yazid ibn Ziyad that Muhammad
ibn Kab al-Quradhi said, ''Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan said from the
mimbar, 'O people! Nothing keeps away what Allah gives and nothing
gives what Allah keeps away. The earnestness of the earnest one does
not profit him. When Allah desires good for him, he gives him
understanding in the deen.' Then Muawiya said, 'I heard these words
from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
on these blocks of wood.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that this was
said "Praise be to Allah who created everything as is necessary, who
does not hasten anything He defers and determines. Allah is enough for
me and sufficient. Allah hears whoever makes dua to him. Allah does
not have a goal."

Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard that this was said
"No one will die until his provision is completed for him, so behave
correctly in your seeking it."