Muwatta Malik: Chapter 3

Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Said said, "The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had
wanted to take two pieces of wood to strike them together to gather
people for the prayer, and Abdullah ibn Zayd al-Ansari, then of the
tribe of Harith ibn al-Khazraj, was shown two pieces of wood in his
sleep. He said, 'These are close to what the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, wants.' Then it was said, 'Do
you not call to the prayer?', so when he woke up he went to the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and
mentioned the dream to him. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, ordered the adhan."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ata ibn Yazid
al-Laythi from Abu Said al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you hear the adhan,
repeat what the muadhdhin says."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla of Abu Bakr
ibn Abd ar-Rahman, from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If people knew what was in
the adhan and the first row of the prayer and could only draw lots for
it, they would draw lots. And if they knew what was in doing dhuhr
early, they would race each other to it. And if they knew what was in
isha and subh, they would go to them even if they had to crawl."

Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn
Yaqub from his father and Ishaq ibn Abdullah that they informed him
that they heard Abu Hurayra say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When the iqama is called for
prayer, do not come to it running, but come with calmness. Pray what
you catch and complete what you miss. You are in prayer as long as
your aim is the prayer.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd arRahman ibn Abdullah ibn
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abu Sasaca al-Ansari, and later al-Mazini, that his
father told him that Abu Said al-Khudri had said to him, "I see that
you love sheep and the desert. When you are among your sheep or in
your desert, call the prayer and raise your voice in the adhan,
because I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, say, 'No jinn or man or anything within range hears the
voice of the muadhdhin except that it bears witness for him on the day
of rising.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "When the call to prayer is made Shaytan retreats,
passing wind, so that he will not hear the adhan. When the adhan is
completed he comes back, until, when the iqama is said, he retreats
again. When the iqama is completed, he comes back, until he comes
between a man and his self and says, 'Think of such and such, think of
such and such,' which he was not thinking about before, until the man
does not know how much he has prayed."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Hazim ibn Dinar that Sahl
ibn Sad as-Saidi said, "There are two times when the gates of heaven
are opened, and few who make supplication have it returned to them
unanswered. They are at the timeof the adhan, and in a rank of people
fighting in the way of Allah."

Malik was asked whether the
adhan on the day of jumua was called before the time had come for the
prayer and he said, "It is not called until after the sun has passed
the meridian."

Malik was asked about doubling the adhan and
the iqama, and at what point people had to stand when the iqama for
the prayer was called. He said, "I have heard nothing about the adhan
and iqama except what I have seen people do. As for the iqama, it is
not doubled. That is what the people of knowledge in our region
continue to do. As for people standing up when the iqama for the
prayer is called, I have not heard of any definite point at which it
is begun, and I consider it rather to be according to people's
(individual) capacity, for some people are heavy and some are light,
and they are not able to be as one man ."

Malik was asked
about a gathering of people who wished to do the prescribed prayer
calling the iqama and not the adhan, and he said, "lt is enough for
them. The adhan is only obligatory in mosques where the prayer is said
in congregation."

Malik was asked about the muadhdhin saying
"Peace be upon you" to the imam and calling him to the prayer, and he
was asked who was the first person to whom such a greeting was made.
He replied, "I have not heard that this greeting occurred in the first
community."

Yahya said that Malik was asked whether a
muadhdhin who called the people to prayer and then waited to see if
anyone would come and no one did, so he said the iqama and did the
prayer by himself and then people came after he had finished, should
repeat the prayer with them. Malik said, "He does not repeat the
prayer, and whoever comes after he has finished should do the prayer
by himself."

Yahya said that Malik was asked about a
muadhdhin who called the adhan for a group of people, did voluntary
prayers, and then the group of people wanted to do the prayer with
some one else saying the iqama. He said, "There is no harm in that.
His iqama or somebody else's are the same."

Yahya said that
Malik said, "The subh prayer is still called before dawn. As for the
other prayers, we believe that they should only be called after the
time has started."

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that the
muadhdhin came to Umar ibn al-Khattab to call him to the subh prayer
and found him sleeping, so he said, "Prayer is better than sleep," and
Umar ordered him to put that in the adhan for subh .

Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle Abu Suhayl
ibn Malik that his uncle's father said, "I recognise nothing nowadays
of what I saw the people (i.e. the companions of the Messenger, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace ) doing except the call to
prayer."

Yahya related to me from Malik that Abdullah ibn Umar heard the
iqama while he was in Baqi, so he increased his pace of walking to the
mosque.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
called the adhan on a cold and windy night and included the phrase,
"Do the prayer in shelter." Then he said, "The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to orderthe muadhdhin to
say, 'Do the prayerin shelter' when it was a cold, rainy night "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that on a journey
Abdullah ibn Umar did no more than the iqama, except for subh, when he
called both the adhan and the iqama. Abdullah ibn Umar used to say,
"The adhan is for an imam whom people join ."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that his
father said to him, "When you are on a journey you can, if you wish,
call the adhan and the iqama, or, if you wish, the iqama and not the
adhan."

Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "There is no harm
in a man calling the adhan while riding."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Said ibn
al-Musayyab used to say, "Whoever prays on waterless, desolate land -
an angel prays on his right and an angel prays on his left. When he
calls both the adhan and the iqama for the prayer, or calls out the
iqama, angels like mountains pray behind him."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar from
Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "Bilal calls the adhan whilst it is still night
so eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn
Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Bilal calls the adhan in the night, so eat and drink
until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan." Ibn Umm Maktum was a blind man
who did not call the adhan until someone said to him, "The morning has
come. The morning has come."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn
Abdullah from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messengerof Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, used to raise his hands to the level of
his shoulders when he began the prayer and when he raised his head
from the ruku he raised them in the same way, saying, "Allah hears
whoever praises him, our Lord and praise belongs to You." He did not
raise them in the sujud.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that AIi ibn
Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, used to say, 'Allah is greater'
whenever he lowered himself and raised himself, and he continued to
pray like that until he met Al lah ."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id from Sulayman
ibn Yasar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, used to raise his hands in the prayer.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abu Salama
ibn Abdar-Rahman ibn Awf that Abu Hurayra used to lead them in prayer
and would say "Allah is greater" whenever he lowered himself and
raised himself. When he had finished he would say, "By Allah, I am the
person whose prayer most resembles the prayer of the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn
Abdullah that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say "Allah is greater" in the
prayer whenever he lowered himself and raised himself.

Yahya
related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar used to
raise his hands to the level of his shoulders when he began the prayer
and when he raised his head from the ruku he would raise them less
than that.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Nuaym Wahb ibn Kaysan
that Jabir ibn Abdullah used to teach them the takbir in the prayer.
Abu Nuaym said, "He used to tell us to say 'Allah is greater' whenever
we lowered or raised ourselves."

Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab used to say, "When
a man catches the raka he says, 'Allah is greater' once, and that
takbir is enough for him."

Malik added, "That is if he
intended to begin the prayer by that takbir "

Malik was asked
about a man who began with the imam but forgot the opening takbir and
the takbir of the ruku until he had done one raka. Then he remembered
that he had not said the takbir at the opening nor in the ruku,so he
said the takbir in the second raka. He said, "I prefer that he start
his prayer again, but if he forgets the opening takbir with the imam
and says the takbir in the first ruku, I consider that enough for him
if he intends by it the opening takbir."

Malik said, about
some one who prayed by himself and forgot the opening takbir, "He
begins his prayer afresh ."

Malik said, about an imam who
forgot the opening takbir until he had finished his prayer, "I think
that he should do the prayer again, and those behind him, even if they
have said the takbir."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Muhammad ibn
Jubayr ibn Mutim that his father said, "I heard the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recite at-Tur (Sura
52) in the maghrib prayer."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ubaydullah
ibn Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Masud from Abdullah ibn Abbas that Umm al-
Fadl bint al-Harith heard him reciting al Mursalat (sura 77) and she
said to him, "My son, you have reminded me by reciting this sura that
it was what I last heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, recite in the maghrib prayer."

26 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Ubayd, the mawla of
Sulayman ibn Abd alMalik, from Ubada ibn Nusayy from Qays ibn al
Harith that Abu Abdullah as-Sunabihi said, "I arrived in Madina in the
khalifate of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, and I prayed maghrib behind him. He
recited the umm al Qur'an and two suras from the shorter ones of the
mufassal in the first two rakas. Then he stood up in the third and I
drew so near to him that my clothes were almost touching his clothes.
I heard him reciting the umm al-Qur'an and this ayat, 'Our Lord, do
not make our hearts go astray after You have guided us, and give us
mercy from Your presence. Surely You are the Giver. ' " (Sura 3 ayat
8)

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
used to recite in all four rakas as when he prayed alone - in every
raka the umm al-Qur'an and another sura from the Qur'an. Sometimes he
would recite two or three suras in one raka in the obligatory prayer.
Similarly, he recited the umm al-Qur'an and two suras in the first two
rakas of maghrib.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Adi ibn
Thabit al-Ansari that al-Barra ibn Azib said, "I prayed isha with the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he
recited at-Tin (Sura 95) in it."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Ibrahim ibn
Abdullah ibn Hunayn from hisfatherfromAliibnAbiTalibthattheMessengerof
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade wearing the
qassi (an Egyptian garment, stripedwithsilk),wearing gold rings, and
reciting the Qur'an in ruku.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Muhammad
ibn Ibrahim ibn al Harith at-Taymi from Abu Hazim at-Tammar from al
Bayadi that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, came out to the people while they were praying and their voices
were raised in the recitation. He said, "When you pray you are talking
confidentially to your Lord. So look to what you confide to Him, and
do not say the Qur'an out loud so that others hear it."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Humayd at-Tawil that Anas ibn
Malik said, "I stood behind Abu Bakr and Umar and Uthman and none of
them used to recite 'In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the
Compassionate' when they began the prayer."

Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle Abu Suhayl
ibn Malik that his father said, "We heard the recitation of Umar ibn
al-Khattab when we were at the home of Abu Jahmin al-Balat." (Al-Balat
was a place in Madina between the mosque and the market.)

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that when Abdullah ibn
Umar missed anything of the prayer in which the imam recited out loud,
he would stand up when the imam had said the taslim and recite what he
owed out loud to himself.

Yahya related to me from Malik that Yazid ibn Ruman said, "I used
to pray next to Nafi ibn Jubayr ibn Mutim and he would nudge me to
prompt him while we were praying."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa from his
father that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq prayed subh and recited suratal-Baqara
in the two rak'as.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that his
father heard Abdullah ibn Amir ibn Rabia say, "We prayed subh behind
Umar ibn al-Khattab and he recited suraYusuf (Sura 12) and surat al-
Hajj (Sura 22) slowly." I (Hisham's father) said, "By Allah, then it
must have been his habit to get up at the crack of dawn." He said, "Of
course."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said and Rabia ibn
Abi Abd arRahman from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad that al Furafisa ibn
Umayral-Hanafi said, "I only learnt Sura Yusuf (Sura 12) from the
recitation of it by Uthman ibn Affan in the subh prayer because of the
great number of times he repeated it to us."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
used to recite the first ten suras of the mufassal in the subh prayer,
and on a journey he would recite the ummal-Qur'an and a sura in every
raka.

Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn
Yaqub that Abu Said, the mawla of Amir ibn Kuraz told him that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called
toUbayy ibn Kab while he was praying. When Ubayy had finished his
prayer he joined the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, and the Messenger of Allah put his hand upon his hand, and
he was intending to leave by the door of the mosque, so the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I hope that
you will not leave the mosque until you know a sura whose like Allah
has notsentdown in the Tawrah nor in the Injil nor in the Qur'an."
Ubayysaid, "I began to slow down my pace in the hope of that. Then I
said, 'Messenger of Allah, the sura you promised me!' He said, 'What
do you recite when you begin the prayer?' I recited the Fatiha (Sura 1
) until I came to the end of it, and the Messengerof Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It is this sura, and it is the
"seven oft-repeated" and the Great Qur'an which I was given.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Nuaym Wahb ibn Kaysan
that he heard Jabir ibn Abdullah say, "Someone who prays a raka
without reciting the umm al-Qur'an in it has not done the prayer
except behind an imam."

Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn
Ya'qub that he heard Abu's-Sa'ib, the mawla of Hisham ibn Zuhra, say
he had heard Abu Hurayra say, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Whoever prays a prayer
without reciting the umm al-Qur'an in it, his prayer is aborted, it is
aborted, it is aborted, incomplete.' So I said, 'Abu Hurayra,
sometimes I am behind the imam.'Hepulled my forearm and said, 'Recite
it to yourself, O Persian, for I heard the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, say that Allah the Blessed, the
Exalted, said, "I have divided the prayer into two halves between me
and my slave. One half of it is for Me and one half of it is for IVly
slave, and My slave has what he asks." ' The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Recite." The slave says,
'Praise be to AIIah, the Lord of theWorlds.' Allah the Blessed, the
Exalted, says, 'My slave has praised Me.' The slave says, 'The
Merciful, the Compassionate.' Allah says, 'My slave has spoken well of
Me.' The slave says, 'Master of the Day of the Deen.' Allah says, 'My
slave has glorified Me.' The slave says, 'You alone we worship and You
alone we askforhelp.'Allahsays,'This ayat is between Me and My slave,
and for My slave is what he asks. 'The slave says, 'Guide us in the
straight Path, the Path of those whom You have blessed, not of those
with whom You are angry, nor those who are in error. ' Allah says,
'These are for My slaves, and for my slave is what he asks . ' " ' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that his
father used to recite behind the imam when the imam did not recite
aloud.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said and from Rabia
ibn Abi Abd ar Rahman that al-Qasim ibn Muhammad used to recite behind
the imam when the imam did not recite aloud.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yazid ibn Ruman that Nafi ibn
Jubayr ibn Mutim used to recite behind the imam when hedid not recite
aloud .

Malik said, "That is the most preferable to me of
what I have heard about the matter."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar,
when asked if anyone should recite behind an imam, said, "When you
pray behind an imam then the recitation of the imam is enough for you
and when you pray on your own you must recite." Nafi added, "Abdullah
ibn 'Umar used not to recite behind the imam."

Yahya said
that he heard Malik say, "The position with us is that aman recites
behind the imam when the imam does not recite aloud and he refrains
from reciting when the imam recites aloud."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ibn Ukayma
al-Laythi from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, finished a prayer in which he had
recited aloud and asked, "Did any of you recite with me just now?" One
man said, "Yes, I did, Messenger of Allah." The Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was saying to
myself, 'Why am I distracted from the Qur'an?' " When the people heard
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say
that, they refrained from reciting with the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he recited aloud.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Sa'id ibn al-
Musayyab and Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman told him from Abu Hurayra
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, "When the imam says 'Amin', say 'Amin', for the one whose 'Amin'
coincides with the 'Amin' of the angels - his previous wrong actions
are forgiven him."

Ibn Shihab said, "The Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say 'Aameen'
(extending it)."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla of Abu
Bakr, from Abu Salih as Samman, from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the imam
has said, 'not of those with whom You are angry nor of those who are
in error,' say 'Amin', for the previous wrong actions of the one whose
utterance coincides with that of the angels, are forgiven him."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from al-Araj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "When one of you says 'Amin' and the angels in the
sky say 'Amin' so that one coincides with the other, his previous
wrong actions are forgiven him."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla of Abu
Bakr, from Abu Salih as-Samman from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the imam
says, 'Allah hears whoever praises Him,' say 'O Allah! Our Lord,
praise be toYou, 'for the previous wrong actions done by the one whose
utterance coincides with that of the angels are forgiven."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Muslim ibn Abi Maryam that
AIi ibn Abd ar-Rahman al-Muawi said, "Abdullah ibn Umar saw me playing
with some small pebbles in the prayer. When I finished he forbade me,
saying, 'Do as the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, did.' I said, 'What did the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, do?' He said, 'When he sat in the
prayer, he placed his right hand on his right thigh and he closed his
fist and pointed his index finger, and he placed his left hand on his
left thigh. That is what he used to do.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar that he
had seen Abdullah ibn Umar with a man praying at his side. When the
man sat in the fourth raka, heput both feet to one side and crossed
them. When Abdullah finished, he disapproved of that to him, and the
man protested, "But you do the same." Abdullah ibn Umar said, "I am
ill."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Sadaqa ibn Yasar that al-
Mughira ibn Hakim saw Abdullah ibn Umar sit back from the two sajdas
of the prayer onto the top of his feet. When he had finished, al-
Mughira mentioned it to him, and Abdullah ibn Umar explained, "It is
not a sunna of the prayer. I do it because I am ill."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim
that Abdullah ibn Umar told him that he used to see Abdullah ibn Umar
cross his legs in the sitting position of the prayer.He said, "So I
did the same, and I was young at the time. Abdullah ibn Umar forbade
me and said, 'The sunna of the prayer is that you keep your right foot
vertical and lay your left foot down.' I said to him, 'But you do the
same (as I did).' He said, 'My feet do not support me.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that al-Qasim
ibn Muhammad showed them how to sit in the tashahhud, and he kept his
right foot vertical and laid his left foot down, and sat on his left
haunch not on his foot. Then he said, "Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Umar
saw me doing this and related to me that his father used to do the
same thing."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-
Zubayr from Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abd al-Qari that he heard Umar ibn al-
Khattab say, while he was teaching people the tashahhud from the
mimbar, "Say, Greetings belong to Allah. Pure actions belong to Allah.
Good words and prayers belong to Allah. Peace on you, Prophet, and the
mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and on the slaves
of Allah who are salihun. I testify that there is no god except Allah.
And I testify that Muhammad is His slave and His messenger."

'At-tahiyatu lillah, az-zakiyatu lillah, at-tayibatu wa's-salawatu
lillah. As-salamu alayka ayyuha'nnabiyyu wa rahmatu'llahi wa
barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna wa ala ibadi'llahi s-salihin. Ash-hadu an
la ilaha illa 'llah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar
used to say the tashahhud saying, "In the name of Allah. Greetings
belong to Allah. Prayers belong to Allah. Pure actions belong to
Allah. Peace be on the Prophet and the mercy of Allah and His
blessings. Peace be on us and on the slaves of Allah who are salihun.
I testify that there is no god except Allah. I testify that Muhammad
is the Messenger of Allah."

"Bismillah, at-tahiyatu lillah,
as-salawatu lillah, az-zakiyatu lillah. As-salamu ala'n-nabiyyi wa
rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna wa ala
ibadi'llahi's-salihin. Shahidtu an la ilaha illallah. Shahidtu anna
Muhammadu'r-rasulu'llah."

He used to say this after the first
two rakas and he would make supplication with whatever seemed fit to
him when the tashahhud was completed. When he sat at the end of the
prayer, he did the tashahhud in a similar manner, except that after
the tashahhud he made supplication with whatever seemed fit to him.
When he had completed the tashahhud and intended to say the taslim, he
said, "Peace be on the Prophet and His mercy and blessings. Peace be
upon us and on the slaves of Allah who are salihun."

"As-
salamu ala'n-nabiyyi wa rahmatu'llahi wa barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna
wa ala ibadi'llahi'ssalihin ."

He then said, "Peace be upon
you" to his right, and would return the greeting to the imam, and if
anyone said "Peace be upon you" from his left he would return the
greeting to him.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim
from his father that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, used to say in the tashahhud, "Greetings,
good words, prayers, pure actions belong to Allah. I testify that
there is no god except Allah, alone without partner, and that Muhammad
is His slave and His Messenger. Peace be on you, Prophet, and the
mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be on us and on the slaves of
Allah who are salihun. Peace be upon you."

"At-tahiyatu, at-
tayibatu, as-salawatu, az-zakiyatu lillah. Ash-hadu an la ilaha
illa'llah, wahdahu la sharika lah wa anna Muhammadan abduhu wa
rasuluhu. As-salamu alayka ayyuha-n-nabiyyu wa rahmatu-llahi wa
barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna wa ala ibadi-llahi's-salihin. As-salamu
alaykum."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said al-Ansari that
al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad told him that A'isha, the wife of
the prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say in
the tashahhud, "Greetings, good words, prayers, pure actions belong to
Allah. I testify that there is no god except Allah, alone without
partner, and I testify that Muhammad is the slave of Allah and His
Messenger. Peace be upon you, Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His
blessings. Peace be upon us and on the slaves of Allah who are salihun
. Peace be upon you . "

"At-tahiyatu, at-tayibatu, as-
salawatu, az-zakiyatu lillah. Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa'llah, wahdahu
la sharika llah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu. As-
salamu alayka ayyuha-n-nabiyyu wa rahmatu-llahi wa barakatuhu. As-
salamu alayna wa ala ibadi-llahi's-salihin. As-salamu alaykum."

Yahya related to me from Malik that he asked Ibn Shihab and Nafi,
the mawla of Ibn Umar, whether a man who joined an imam who had
already done a raka should say the tashahhud with the imam in the
second and fourth rakas, even though these were odd for him? They
said, "He should say tashahhud with him."

Malik said, "That
is the position with us."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Amr ibn AIqama
from Malik ibn Abdullah as-Sadi that Abu Hurayra said, "The one who
raises his head and lowers it before the imam - his forelock is in the
hand of a shaytan."

Malik said, concerning someone who forgot
and raised his head before the imam in ruku or sujud, "The sunna of
that is to return to bowing or prostrating and not to wait for the
imam to come up. What he has done is a mistake, because the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The imam is
appointed to be followed as a leader, so do not oppose him.' Abu
Hurayra said, 'The one who raises his head and lowers it before the
imam - his forelock is in the hand of a shaytan.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ayyub ibn Abi Tamima as-
Sakhtayani from Muhammad ibn Sirin from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished the prayer
after two rakas and Dhu'l-Yadayn said to him, "Has the prayer been
shortened or have you forgotten, Messenger of Allah?" The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Has
Dhu'l-Yadayn spoken the truth?" The people said, "Yes," and the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and
prayed the other two rakas and then said, "Peace be upon you." Then he
said, "Allah is greater" and went into a sadja as long as his usual
prostrations or longer. Then he came up and said, "Allah is greater"
and went into a sajda as long as his usual prostrations or longer and
then came up.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Da'ud ibn al-Husayn that Abu
Sufyan, the mawla of Ibn Abi Ahmad, said that he heard Abu Hurayra
say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
prayed asr and said the taslim after two rakas. Dhu'l-Yadayn stood up
and said, 'Has the prayer been shortened, Messenger of Allah, or have
you forgotten?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, stood up and completed what remained of the prayer, and
then, remaining sitting after saying the taslim, he made two
prostrations."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Abu Bakr ibn
Sulayman ibn Abi Hathma said, "I have heard that the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed two rakas of
one of the two day-ti me prayers, dhuhr or asr, and said the taslim
after two rakas. Dhu'sh-Shamalayn said to him, 'Has the prayer been
shortened, Messenger of Allah, or have you forgotten?' The Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The prayer
has not been shortened and I have not forgotten.' Dhu'shShamalayn
said, 'It was certainly one of those, Messenger of Allah.' The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
approached the people and said, 'Has Dh u'sh-Shamalayn spoken the
truth?' They said, 'Yes, Messenger of Allah,' and the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, completed what
remained of the prayer, and then said, 'Peace be upon you.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-
Musayyab, and from Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman, the same as that.

Malik said, "Every forgetfulness which decreases from the
prayer, prostrations for it come before the greeting, and every
forgetfulness which is an addition to the prayer, prostrations for it
come after the greeting."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from Ata ibn
Yasar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "If you are uncertain in the prayer and do not know
whether you have prayed three or four rakas, then pray a raka and make
two prostrations from the sitting position before the taslim. If the
raka that you prayed was the fifth, then you make it even by these two
sajdas, and if it was the fourth, then the two prostrations spite
Shaytan."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Zayd
from Salim ibn Abdullah that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say, "If you
are uncertain in the prayer, estimate what you think you have
forgotten of the prayer and repeat it, then do the two sajdas of
forgetfulness from the sitting position."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Afif ibn Amr as-Sahmi that
Ata ibn Yasar said, "I asked Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As and Kab al
Ahbar about someone who was uncertain in his prayer, and did not know
whether he had prayed three or four rakas. Both of them said, 'He
should pray another raka and then do two sajdas from the sitting
position.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar,
when questioned about forgetfulness in the prayer, said, "If you think
that you have forgotten part of the prayer, then pray it."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from al-Araj that
Abdullah ibn Buhayna said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, prayed two rakas with us and then stood
without sitting and the people stood with him. When he had finished
the prayerand we had seen him say the taslim, he said 'Allah is
greater' and did two sajdas from the sitting position and then said
the taslim again."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Abd ar-
Rahman ibn Hurmuz that Abdullah ibn Buhayna said, "The Messengerof
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed dhuhr with us
and he stood straight up after two rakas without sitting. When he had
finished the prayer, he did two sajdas and then said the taslim after
that."

Malik said, concerning someone who forgot in his
prayer and stood up after he had completed four rakas and recited and
then went into ruku and then, when he raised his head from ruku,
remembered that he had already completed (his prayer), "He returns to
a sitting position and does not do any sajda. If he has already done
one sajda I do not think he should do the other. Then when his prayer
is finished he does two sajdas from the sitting position after saying
the taslim."

Yahya related to me from Malik from AIqama ibn Abi AIqama from
his mother that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "Abu Jahm ibn Hudhayfa gave the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a fine striped
garment from Syria and he did the prayer in it. When he had finished
he said, 'Give this garment back to Abu Jahm. I lookedat its stripes
in the prayer and they almost distracted me.' "

Malik related to me from Hisham ibn Urwa from his father that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wore a
fine striped garment f rom Syria, and then gave it to Abu Jahm and
took a plain, rough, garment in return. Abu Jahm asked, "Messenger of
Allah! Why?" He said, "I looked at its stripes in the prayer."

Malik related to me from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr that Abu Talha al-
Ansari was praying in his garden when a wild pigeon flew in and began
to fly to and fro trying to find a way out. The sight was pleasing to
him and he let his eyes follow the bird for a time and then he went
back to his prayer but could not remember how much he had prayed. He
said, "A trial has befallen me in this property of mine." So he came
to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
and mentioned the trial that had happened to him in his garden and
said, "Messenger of Allah, it is a sadaqa for Allah, so dispose of it
wherever you wish."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr that a
man from the Ansar was praying in a garden of his in Quff, one of the
valleys of Madina, during the date season and the palms' branches were
weighed down with fruit on all sides. He looked at them and what he
saw of their fruits amazed him. Then he went back to his prayer and he
did not know how much he had prayed. He said, "A trial has befallen me
in this property of mine." So he went toUthman ibn Affan, who was the
khalifa at the time, and mentioned it to him and said, "It is sadaqa,
so give it away in the paths of good." Uthman ibn Affan sold it for
fifty thousand and so that property became known as the Fifty.